Petroleum Fracturing Proppant
Petroleum fracturing proppant, feem ntau tsuas yog hu ua "frac sand" lossis "proppant," yog cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem hydraulic fracturing (feem ntau hu ua fracking) txhawm rau txhim kho cov roj thiab cov pa roj av los ntawm cov dej hauv av. Fracking yuav tsum tau txhaj cov kua dej siab rau hauv lub qhov dej kom tsim cov pob zeb tawg hauv cov pob zeb uas muaj cov hydrocarbons. Cov pob txha tawg no tso cai rau cov roj thiab cov roj uas txhaws tau ntws mus rau hauv qhov dej, ua rau nws yooj yim dua los rho tawm lawv.
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![Proppant Roj Thiab Gas]()
Proppant Roj Thiab GasProppant yog "cov xuab zeb lossis cov khoom sib xws uas tau muab tshem tawm hauv dej lossis lwm cov kua dej thiab siv hauv hydraulic fracturing (fracking) kom qhib qhov tawg.Ntau -
![Roj Proppant]()
Roj ProppantProppant xuab zeb, ib qho tseem ceeb granular khoom nyob rau hauv cov roj los yog gas qhov dej, tsim permeable channel rau npaum hydrocarbon flow. Nws los nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv haum...Ntau -
![Siab zog PProppant]()
Siab zog PProppantTus tshiab Ultra-High Stress Proppant (UHSP) nta ib puag ncig thiab kheej kheej zoo nrog lub mono-loj sieve faib, kom ntseeg tau siab dua cov pob khoom porosity thiab nce qhov chaw ntws ntawm kev...Ntau -
![Sand Proppants]()
Sand ProppantsProppant xuab zeb yog cov khoom siv granular muab tso rau hauv cov roj lossis roj qhov dej los tsim txoj hauv kev rau cov hydrocarbons ntws los. Nws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv,...Ntau -
![Cov Khoom Siv Ua Haujlwm]()
Cov Khoom Siv Ua HaujlwmNyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj thiab cov roj extraction, tom qab fracturing kev kho mob ntawm siab kaw siab thiab tsis tshua muaj permeability mineral deposits, cov kua yuav tsum...Ntau -
![Hydraulic Fracturing Proppant]()
Hydraulic Fracturing ProppantHydraulic fracturing, tseem hu ua fracking, yog ib qho kev ua tiav zoo thiab cov txheej txheem stimulation uas siv cov kua dej sib xyaw ntawm cov dej, xuab zeb, thiab cov tshuaj mus rau hauv lub...Ntau -
![Fracking Proppant]()
Fracking ProppantLub fracking proppant yog cov khoom siv, feem ntau cov xuab zeb, kho cov xuab zeb los yog cov khoom siv ceramic, tsim los ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hydraulic tawg, thaum lub sij hawm los yog ua...Ntau -
![Frac Sand Proppant]()
Frac Sand ProppantCeramsite xuab zeb muaj lub zog tawg siab thiab feem ntau yog siv rau kev txhawb nqa hauv av hauv cov roj av kom nce cov roj thiab cov pa roj. Nws yog ib qho khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig. Cov khoom...Ntau -
![Ceramic xuab zeb]()
Ceramic xuab zebCeramsite xuab zeb, tseem hu ua ceramic xuab zeb, yog cov khoom siv granular crafted los ntawm high-zoo bauxite, thee, thiab lwm yam khoom raw. Nws cov khoom lag luam suav nrog sintering cov ntaub...Ntau -
![Ceramic xuab zeb]()
Ceramic xuab zebMuab cov khoom tawg ua haujlwm siab thiab ua haujlwm lub neej rau cov roj sib sib zog nqus thiab cov roj qhov dej. High bulk ceev. Nws yog tsim rau qhov sib sib zog nqus zoo thiab siab siab...Ntau -
![Fracking Proppant]()
Fracking ProppantProppant nrog tsawg crushing tus nqi tshaj ib tug dav siab ntau yam. Muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau cov roj sib sib zog nqus thiab cov roj qhov dej. Lub ntim ceev yog nruab nrab. Nws...Ntau -
![Cov Khoom Siv Ua Haujlwm]()
Cov Khoom Siv Ua HaujlwmMuab lub peev xwm txaus txaus rau roj thiab roj zoo stimulation. Nws muab siab tawg conductivity rau nruab nrab qhov tob roj thiab roj qhov dej. Qhov ntau ntom ntom zoo ib yam li lub ntiajteb...Ntau
Qhov zoo ntawm Petroleum Fracturing Proppant
Nce permeability ntawm reservoir
Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hauv hydraulic fracturing, lub ntuj tawg nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb tsim tau qhib, tso cai rau permeability ntau dua. Qhov kev txhim kho permeability no ua rau kom cov roj thiab cov pa nkag mus rau hauv qhov dej, ua rau cov nqi ntau lawm thiab tag nrho rov qab los ntawm hydrocarbons los ntawm lub reservoir.
Tus nqi efficiency
Kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem rho tawm raug nqi ntau dua. Los ntawm kev txhim kho qhov ntws ntawm cov peev txheej mus rau saum npoo, cov neeg txhawb nqa pab txo qis lub zog thiab lub sijhawm xav tau los rho tawm cov roj av, txo cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab nce kev rov qab los ntawm kev nqis peev rau cov tuam txhab roj thiab roj.
Siab conductivity
Petroleum fracturing proppant kuj khav theeb ntau tus yam ntxwv uas txhais tau tias zoo dua conductivity, los yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv roj av tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv pob zeb tawg.
Cov kev daws teeb meem
Vim tias lawv yog cov khoom tsim, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov roj av fracturing proppant tuaj yeem tswj nruj dua li cov khoom siv xuab zeb. Proppants tuaj yeem xaiv raws li ntau yam kev tsim qauv tsim los muab kev daws teeb meem ntau dua rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw zoo.
Vim Li Cas Xaiv Peb
Peb lub Hoobkas
Lub tuam txhab tau cog lus rau kev txhim kho, nce qib thiab kev siv cov khoom siv tshiab hnav-tiv taus, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov khoom tshiab, thiab tau tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog harbin boiler, dongguo, dongfang hluav taws xob, wuxi huaguang, Sichuan boiler, thiab lwm yam.
Peb cov khoom
High density thiab siab zog ceramsite proppant, tsawg ntom thiab siab zog ceramsite proppant, nruab nrab ceev siab zog ceramsite proppant, ultra tsawg ceev thiab siab zog ceramsite proppant.
Kev tsim khoom lag luam
Zheng nai petroleum cov khoom fracturing proppant ua raws li cov qauv ntawm fracturing acidification center proppant soj ntsuam kuaj ntawm langfang ceg ntawm Tuam Tshoj petroleum tshawb nrhiav thiab kev loj hlob lub koom haum tshawb fawb, lub American stim-lab, thiab lub British frac-tech laboratory.
Peb daim ntawv pov thawj
Cov khoom ua tau zoo tau mus txog qib thoob ntiaj teb thiab dhau los ntawm American Petroleum Institute apiq1 certification.The Laboratory of Henan zhengnai New Material Co., ltd. Tau dhau lub teb chaws kuaj kev lees paub cnas ntawv pov thawj.
Hom Petroleum Fracturing Proppant
Quartz Sand Proppant
Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm ntuj quartz xuab zeb yog SiO2, nrog me me ntawm Al2O3 thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw xws li Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, CaO, thiab MgO. Cov pob zeb tseem ceeb ntawm quartz xuab zeb yog quartz, feem ntau suav nrog ntau dua 80% ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus thiab ncav cuag ntau dua 98.5% hauv cov xuab zeb zoo quartz.
Ceramic Proppant
Piv rau quartz xuab zeb proppant, ceramic proppant muaj siab sphericity, ib tug du nto, zoo fluidity, siab compressive zog, thiab tsawg crushing tus nqi. Kev xyaum tau pom tias kev siv cov khoom siv ceramic rau cov qhov dej fracturing tuaj yeem nce ntau lawm los ntawm 30-50% thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov roj thiab cov qhov dej.
Coated Proppant
Coated proppants, tseem hu ua resin-coated proppants, txhim kho lub zog, thiab acid thiab alkali tsis kam. Lawv feem ntau muaj ob ntu: sab hauv, tsim los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke nrog qee lub zog, thiab sab nrauv, coated nrog cob.
Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke lwm cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv cov khoom siv, peb tuaj yeem sib txawv qee yam khoom tseem ceeb:
Loj:Lub cev loj ntawm lub proppant yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub pob zeb. Nws yog feem ntau ntsuas ntawm 8 thiab 140 mesh (106 µm - 2.36 mm).
Geometry:Qee zaum, cov duab ntawm tus proppant yuav tsum tau kho.
Qhov hnyav:Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov frac, qhov ceev ntawm lub proppant yuav tsum tau kho.
Los ntawm kev kho cov khoom no, peb tuaj yeem tsim txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev rho tawm cov hydrocarbons. Qee qhov tseem ceeb ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm propant yog:
conductivity:Qhov no yog hais txog tus nqi ntawm cov dej ntws uas tus propant yuav tso cai.
Crush Resistance:Cov qhov tob tob thiab ntau yam lithologies yuav tsum muaj zog sib txawv.
Acid Solubility:Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev solubility hauv cov kua qaub tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj kab mob thiab muab kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas cov propant yuav ua rau hauv av.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm Petroleum Fracturing Proppant
Petroleum fracturing proppant feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm peb yam tseem ceeb: dej, cov khoom siv (feem ntau xuab zeb), thiab tshuaj ntxiv.
Dej:Dej yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua dej fracking, ua li 90% ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li lub hauv paus kua thiab yog lub luag hauj lwm rau nqa cov propants thiab tshuaj additives rau hauv lub qhov dej. Cov dej kub siab kuj tsim cov pob txha tawg hauv cov pob zeb tsim.
Proppants:Proppants, xws li xuab zeb, muaj li 9.5% ntawm cov kua fracking. Cov khoom me me no yog nqa los ntawm cov dej mus rau hauv cov pob txha tawg uas tsim hauv pob zeb. Ib zaug nyob rau hauv cov pob txha tawg, cov propants tseem nyob tom qab thaum lub siab tso tawm, ua kom cov pob txha qhib thiab cia cov roj los yog roj ntws tawm.
Tshuaj Additives:Qhov seem 0.5% ntawm cov kua fracking yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj additives. Thaum lawv tsim ib feem me me ntawm cov kua dej, cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem fracking.
Roj Fracturing Proppant Cov Khoom Siv Tsim Khoom
Hauv kev lag luam roj av, kev tawg yog hais txog ib txoj hauv kev siv hydraulic ua kom tawg cov roj thiab roj txheej thaum lub sij hawm roj lossis roj. Nws tseem hu ua hydraulic fracturing.
Hydraulic fracturing technology yog hais txog kev siv cov kua fracturing rau hauv cov roj hauv qhov dej siab, uas ua rau muaj kev kub siab hauv qab ntawm qhov dej. Thaum lub siab txaus kom tawg cov pob zeb tsim, qhov tsim yuav tsim kom tawg thiab nthuav mus rau ib qho chaw. Txhawm rau kom cov pob txha qhib, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sau cov pob txha nrog propant tom qab pob txha. Tom qab cov khoom xa tuaj, cov viscosity ntawm cov kua fracturing yog txo thiab tso cai rau ntws rov qab, yog li ntawd muaj kev sib tsoo nrog cov conductivity siab.
Petroleum fracturing proppants tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg: Quartz xuab zeb, ceramsite proppants thiab zaj duab xis-coated proppants.
Cov roj fracturing xuab zeb ntau lawm kab yog txheej tshwj xeeb quartz xuab zeb khoom tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov roj fracturing xuab zeb. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov zis loj, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab hloov khoom loj.
Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm cov kab ntau lawm yog: Raw ore-pre-xaiv kev tshuaj ntsuam-scrubbing-desilting-magnetic sib cais-blocked sedimentation-dehydration screen-dryer-kev tshuaj ntsuam cov txheej txheem los tsim cov roj fracturing xuab zeb.
Cov roj fracturing xuab zeb ntau lawm kab tsim rau spherical xuab zeb rau roj fracturing xuab zeb muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom loj, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab cov khoom loj.
Kev siv Petroleum Fracturing Proppant
Thaiv qhov tsua mining
Thaiv caving yog ib txoj hauv kev hauv av loj mining uas qhov kev rho tawm ntawm cov ore nyob ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Ib tug ncej thiab kab rov tav qhov chaw yog tsav mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub cev ore thiab ib tug nyias kab rov tav txheej ntawm cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm txhawb pob zeb raug tshem tawm, siv cov txheej txheem tsuas. Kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa no tso cai rau cov ore mus rau hauv qhov tsua los ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus los ntawm qhov uas nws raug tshem tawm kom tso cai rau caving mus ntxiv.
Kev txiav txim siab pob zeb rau geotechnical tsim
Hauv hydraulic fracturing rau kev txiav txim siab kev ntxhov siab kuj hu ua hydrofracturing, thiab qee zaum raws li minifracing, ib feem ntawm borehole yog cais ntawm ob lub hnab ntim khoom thiab lub siab tau tsa los ntawm kev tso dej rau hauv nws ntawm tus nqi tswj kom txog thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim hauv phab ntsa borehole. Lub twj tso kua mis nres thiab lub siab nyob rau hauv lub caij yog tso cai rau stabilize. Lub siab yog tom qab ntawd txo mus rau qhov pore siab theem ntawm lub pob zeb tsim, thiab cov txheej txheem pressurization / depressurization yog rov ua dua ob peb zaug uas tswj tau qhov sib npaug. Qhov loj ntawm lub hauv paus kev ntxhov siab yog xam los ntawm ntau yam kev nyeem ntawv siab.
Geothermal
Txhim kho geothermal zog ntau lawm (piv txwv li) koom nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov dej hauv lub qhov dej, cua sov cov dej hauv cov av, thiab tshem tawm cov dej tib yam li chav dej lossis dej kub los ntawm qhov dej thib ob. Hydraulic fracturing yog siv los tsim kom muaj txoj hauv kev ntws ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj thiab cov qhov dej rho tawm. Qhov loj ntawm fracturing kev khiav hauj lwm rau egs yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo spacings yuav tsum tau mus cuag tau zoo tshav kub hloov rau txhua qhov project.
Coalbed methane txoj kev loj hlob
Hydraulic fracturing nyob rau hauv cbm qhov dej yog ua nyob rau hauv zoo sib xws thiab rau cov hom phiaj zoo sib xws li cov pa roj thiab roj qhov dej. Qhov sib txawv loj yog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov cbm reservoirs, feem ntau nyob ze rau saum npoo, yuav tsum tau qis qis, tsawg ntim thiab tsawg dua (yog tias muaj) cov khoom ntxiv hauv cov kua dej tawg.
Coal mine methane ntws
Lub hom phiaj ntawm cmm cov kua dej yog txo cov methane cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov thee seams ua ntej mining ob qho tib si rau kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig vim li cas thiab tseem yog cov nyiaj tau los ntxiv. Hydraulic fracturing ob qho tib si nrog thiab tsis muaj xuab zeb proppant yog siv los txhim kho kev tsim cov methane los ntawm cov thee. Cov kev kho mob no yog ua los ntawm ob qho tib si ntsug qhov thiab kab rov tav, hauv-seam laum qhov. Cov nplai ntawm kev kho mob sib txawv tab sis feem ntau me dua li cbm stimulation pob txha, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nqa tawm hauv av.
Pob zeb tawg tawg mitigation
Qhov no yog thaj chaw tshiab ntawm daim ntawv thov rau hydraulic fracturing thiab tseem nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thaum ntxov uas tsis muaj kev xa tawm loj npaum li tsis tau. Raws li tau sau tseg, hydraulic fracturing yog raug tshawb xyuas raws li ib qho kev txo qis hauv-situ pob zeb kev nyuaj siab rau ameliorate qhov zaus thiab qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb tawg.
Aluminium Phosphate-Ester Roj Gels:Cov gels no yog cov thawj-paub gelling tshuab. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm slurrying txhuas phosphate thiab ester roj ua ke los tsim ib tug cross-linked gel.
Daim Ntawv Qhia Linear Gels:Pa linear gels yog cellulose derivatives lossis guar derivatives nrog lwm cov tshuaj ntxiv raws li qhov xav tau rau cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb.
Borate-Crosslinked Fluids:Borate-crosslinked kua yog guar-based kua crosslinked nrog boron ions. Nyob rau qib pH siab dua (9 thiab siab dua), lawv pom cov viscosity siab dua, ua kom yooj yim rau kev thauj mus los. Txhawm rau pab txhawb nqa tawm tom qab fracking, pH qis dua (rau 4 thiab hauv qab), txo cov viscosity.
Organometallic-Crosslinked Fluids:Organometallic-crosslinked kua siv tshuaj xws li antimony, titanium ntsev, zirconium, los yog chromium rau crosslink guar-based gels. Cov no xav tau cov kuab tshuaj tsim nyog rau kev tawg thaum fracking tiav.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Proppants hauv Fracking
Hom Proppants
Peb lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv fracking yog xuab zeb, ceramic, thiab resin-coated proppants. Xuab zeb yog cov khoom siv feem ntau siv vim nws cov nqi qis thiab muaj, tab sis nws yuav tsis haum rau txhua hom kev tsim. Ceramic proppants yog kim dua xuab zeb tab sis muaj zog dua thiab tsis kam rau crushing. Resin-coated proppants yog ib hom ceramic proppant coated nrog resin los txhim kho lub zog thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg hauv dej.
Proppant Properties
Proppants yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb kom ua tau zoo hauv fracking, nrog rau qhov loj me, roundness, sphericity, crush resistance, thiab conductivity. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov proppant yuav tsum phim cov pob txha tawg 'loj nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb, thiab nws yuav tsum yog puag ncig thiab kheej kheej kom tsis txhob muaj cov blockages. Crush resistance yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim tias cov khoom siv yuav tsum tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb overlying tsis tawg. Conductivity yog hais txog tus proppant lub peev xwm tso cai rau cov roj los yog roj ntws los ntawm.
Kev siv cov Proppants
Proppants yog siv nyob rau hauv fracking los ntawm kev tso rau hauv lub qhov dej nrog fracturing kua. Qhov sib tov yog txhaj tshuaj ntawm kev kub siab los tsim cov pob txha tawg hauv pob zeb, nqa cov khoom siv rau hauv cov pob txha. Tom qab lub siab tso tawm, cov khoom siv tseem nyob hauv qhov tawg, ua kom lawv qhib rau cov pa roj lossis roj ntws. Tus nqi siv nyob ntawm qhov tawg ntawm lub network loj, qhov nyuaj, thiab cov khoom pob zeb.
Cov ntawv pov thawj
Peb lub Hoobkas
Lub tuam txhab tau cog lus rau kev txhim kho, nce qib thiab kev siv cov khoom siv tshiab hnav-tiv taus, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov khoom tshiab, thiab tau tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog harbin boiler, dongguo, dongfang hluav taws xob, wuxi huaguang, Sichuan boiler, thiab lwm yam. tau raug lees paub tias yog "henan xeev kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis kev lag luam me thiab nruab nrab" thiab "henan xeev txoj kev tsav tsheb ua lag luam" los ntawm henan xeev department ntawm science thiab technology; "henan xeev bauxite kub khoom engineering tshuab tshawb fawb chaw" lees paub los ntawm henan xeev department ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv technology; Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2019 nws dhau qhov kev sib koom ua ke daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev tshaj tawm los ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis commission hauv lub Peb Hlis; nws tau lees paub tias yog "tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb thiab tshiab" kev lag luam hauv xyoo 2020; nws tau lees paub tias yog lub teb chaws high-tech enterprise hauv 2021.
FAQ
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov roj av fracturing proppant manufacturers nyob Suav teb, peb sov siab txais tos koj mus yuav pheej yig petroleum fracturing proppant los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Tag nrho peb cov khoom yog nrog cov khoom zoo thiab cov nqi sib tw. Yog xav paub ntxiv, tiv tauj peb tam sim no.